1 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, p. 289.
2 Anstruther, Vaux, p. 368.
3 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, p. 290.
4 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, p. 290.
5 S.T., II, p. 355.
6 S.T., II, pp. 355–6.
7 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, pp. 292–3.
8 S.T., II, p. 356; Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, p. 293.
9 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, pp. 293–4.
10 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, p. 295; S.T., II, p. 358.
11 Loomie, ‘Toleration’, p. 48; Gerard, Autobiography, p. 209.
12 Gerard, Autobiography, p. xvii.
13 Warnicke, pp. 170 and note 20, 182.
14 Anstruther, Vaux, p. 183.
15 Anstruther, Vaux, p. 184.
16 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, pp. 300–1; Caraman, Garnet, App. D, pp. 442–3 and note 1.
17 Caraman, Years, p. 12.
18 Anstruther, Vaux, p. 385.
19 Anstruther, Vaux, pp. 396, 453.
20 Peters, p. 385; Anstruther, Vaux, p. 476.
21 Gotch, Old Halls, p. 62; G.E.C. Banbury.
22 Baker, I, p. 245.
23 Finch, pp. 92–9.
24 Wake, p. 39 note 6.
25 Foley, IV, p. 136.
26 D.N.B. Kenelm Digby.
27 G.E.C. Monteagle; Hamilton, II, p. 37.
28 D.N.B. Ambrose Rookwood, 1664–96.
29 Goodman, I, pp. 118–22.
30 Southern, pp. 46, 83 note 3; Kerman, p. 49.
31 Nicholls, p. 77.
32 G.E.C. Monteagle.
33 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, pp. 27–8, 271; D.N.B. William Habington.
34 G.E.C. Salisbury; Croft, ‘Cecil and Court’, p. 140; H.M.C. Salisbury, XVIII, p. 535.
35 Nicholls, pp. 185, 165–6; Shirley, pp. 353, 340.
36 Shirley, p. 354.
37 Batho, ‘Wizard Earl’, pp. 344–7.
38 Rowse, Cornwall, p. 371; Peters, p. 74.
39 Bliss, p. 110; Loomie, ‘Catholic Consort’, p. 308.
40 H.M.C. Salisbury, XVIII, p. 178.
Chapter Eighteen: Satan’s Policy?
1 Nicholls, p. 218.
2 Cressy, ‘November’, p. 72.
3 Milward, p. 62; Macbeth, Act II, scene iii; S.T., II, p. 164.
4 Nichols, I, pp. 38–9.
5 Haynes, Plot, App. I, p. 138.
6 Dekker, Double P P, prelude.
7 Macbeth, Act II, scene iii; Macbeth (Muir), pp. xvff.
8 Macbeth, Act V, scene v.
9 Gager’s Pyramis, pp. 250ff.
10 Edwards, Tesimond, p. 139.
11 Lingard, VII, pp. 86–7 and note 1.
12 Clancy, ‘Deposing Power’, pp. 209ff.
13 Caraman, Years, p. 14; Anstruther, Vaux, p. 373.
14 Milton, IV, pp. 320–1.
15 C.S.P. Venetian, X, pp. 291–2; Edwards, Fawkes, p. 138.
16 H.M.C. Salisbury, XVIII, p. 508; Gerard, What Plot?, p. 430.
17 Goodman, I, pp. ix, 102.
18 Barlow, Preface.
19 S.T., II, p. 211.
20 Hazlitt, XI, p. 319.
21 L.J., IV, p. 369a; reference supplied by Mr D. L. Jones, Librarian, House of Lords.
22 C.J., XXX, p. 530; L.J., XIII, pp. 305b–306a; Cressy, ‘November’, p. 87, who however dates the search only to the 1690s; but see note 21 supra.
23 L.J., XIV, pp. 570a, 571b–572a.
24 Smith, Westminster, p. 44.
25 Paget, pp. 73–4; information to the author.
26 Cressy, ‘November’, p. 69.
27 See Nowak, passim; Andrewes, pp. 889–90.
28 Cressy, ‘November’, pp. 73ff.; Cressy, Bonfires, pp. 162ff.
29 Hutton, p. 212.
30 Shaw, pp. 15–18; Whitehill, p. 29; Folklore, p. 386.
31 Shaw, pp. 15–18; Billington, pp. 18–19; Folklore, p. 386.
32 Miller, p. 15; Blunt, pp. 730–1; Cressy, ‘November’, pp. 71–2; Keeling, p. 398; Colley, p. 21.
33 Swift, ‘Fawkes in Exeter’, p. 61.
34 Norman, p. 61.
35 Jardine, Narrative, p. 155.
36 See Quinault, ‘Warwickshire Landowners’.
37 ‘Diary of Joan Courthope’, unpub.
38 Lewes Bonfire Night Special, Sussex Express, 11 November 1994.
39 The Night of the Fires, 11 November 1994; local information to the author; Folklore, p. 386.
40 Gardiner, England, I, pp. 263–4.
41 Morris, Gerard’s Narrative, p. 10 and note 4; Edwards, Tesimond, p. 214.
42 Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, 1994, pp. 350–1.
43 Recalling Clarendon’s final judgement on Oliver Cromwell: ‘a brave bad man’; Clarendon, Edward Earl of, History of the Rebellion…, p. 97, Oxford, 1969.
Reference Books
Details only of those books, documents, etc. cited in abbreviated form in the References; a full bibliography is impracticable for reasons of space. The place of publication is London unless otherwise stated.
Akrigg, G. P. V., Jacobean Pageant, 1962
Allen, Kenneth, The Story of Gunpowder, 1973
Allison, A. F., ‘The Writings of Fr Henry Garnet, S.J. (1555–1606)’, Biographical Studies, I, 1951
Andrewes, Lancelot, XCVI Sermons, 3rd edn, 1635
Anstruther, Godfrey, O.P., ‘Powder Treason’, Blackfriars, 33, 1952
Anstruther, Godfrey, O.P., Vaux of Harrowden: a recusant family, Newport, Mon., 1953
Ashton, Robert, ed., James I by his Contemporaries, 1969
Aveling, Dom. Hugh, O.S.B., ‘The Catholic Recusants of the West Riding of Yorkshire, 1558–1790’, Proceedings of the Leeds Philosophical & Literary Society, Leeds, X, 1963
Aveling, Dom. Hugh, O.S.B., ‘The Marriages of Catholic Recusants’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 14, 1963
Aveling, Dom. Hugh, O.S.B., Post Reformation Catholicism in East Yorkshire 1558–1790, York, 1960 Aveling, J. C. H, The Handle and the Axe: the Catholic recusants in England from Reformation to Emancipation, 1976
Baker, George, History of Antiquities in the County of Northampton, I, 1822
Barlow, Thomas, The Gunpowder Treason… with Appendix of Several Papers written by Sir Everard Digby during his confinement, 1679, reprinted 1850
Barroll, Leeds, ‘The Court of the First Stuart Queen’, in The Mental World of the Jacobean Court, ed. Linda L. Peck, Cambridge, 1991
Bassett, Bernard, S.J., The English Jesuits from Campion to Martindale, 1967
Batho, G. R., ‘The Wizard Earl in the Tower 1605–1621’, History Today, 6, 1956
Batho, G R., The Household Papers of Henry Percy, Ninth Earl of Northumberland (1564–1632), Camden Society, 3rd series, XCIII, 1962
Bellamy, John, The Tudor Law of Treason: an introduction, 1979
Billington, Ray Allen, The Protestant Crusade, 1800–1860: a study of the origins of American nativism, New York, 1938
Birch, Thomas, An Historical View of Negotiations between the Courts of England, France and Brussels, 1592–1617, 1749
(B.L.) British Library MSS
Bliss, W., ‘Note on the Religious Belief of Anne of Denmark’, English Historical Review, 4, 1889
Blunt, J. H., The Annotated Book of Common Prayer, new edn, 1888
Bodleian Library, Oxford
Bossy, John, ‘Henri IV, the Appellants and the Jesuits’, Recusant History, 8, 1965
Bossy, John, ‘The Character of English Catholicism’, in Crisis in Europe1760–1660, ed. Trevor Aston, 1970
Bossy, John, ‘The English Catholic Community. 1603–1605’, in The Reign of King James VI and I, ed. A. G R. Smith, 1973
Bossy, John, Giordano Bruno and the Embassy Affair, pbk, 1992
Boyle, Conall, In the Footsteps of the Gunpowder Plotters: a journey through history in Middle England, Meridian books, Oldbury, West Midlands, 1994
Bridges, John, History of Northamptonshire, 2 Vols, Oxford, 1791
Bruce, John, ed., Correspondenc
e of James VI with Sir Robert Cecil and others in England, Camden Society, 1861
Bull, S., ‘Furie of the Ordnance’, unpublished thesis, University of Wales, 1988
Byrne, M. St Clare, Elizabethan Life in Town and Country, 8th revised edn, 1961
Camm, Dom. Bede, O.S.B., Forgotten Shrines, 1910
Caraman, Philip, ed., The Other Face. Catholic life under Elizabeth I, 1960
Caraman, Philip, Henry Garnet 1555–1606 and the Gunpowder Plot, 1964
Caraman, Philip, ed., The Years of Siege: Catholic life from James I to Cromwell, 1966
The Memoirs of Robert Carey, ed. F. H. Mares, Oxford, 1972
Carswell, Donald, ed., Trial of Guy Fawkes and Others (The Gunpowder Plot), 1934
The Letters of John Chamberlain, ed. N. E. McClure, 2 Vols, Philadelphia, 1939
Chambers, M. C. E., The Life of Mary Ward, 1585–1645, 2 Vols, 1885
Charles-Edwards, T., Saint Winefride and her Well: the historical background, n.d.
(C.J.) Journals of the House of Commons, 1547–1628, 1803
Clancy, T., S.J., ‘English Catholics and the Papal Disposing Power, 1570–1640', Recusant History, 6, 1961
Clancy, T. H., S.J., Papist Pamphleteers, Chicago, 1964
Clark, Sir George, ‘Jacobean Northamptonshire, 1603–1625’, Northamptonshire Past and Present, 2, 1958
The Diary of the Lady Anne Clifford, with an Introductory Note by V. Sackville-West, 1923
Coke, Edward, The Third and Fourth Parts of the Institutes of the Laws of England..., 1654
Colley, Linda, Britons: Forging the nation, 1707–1837, 1992
Collinson, Patrick, The Elizabethan Puritan Movement, 1967
Cooper, W. D., ‘Further Particulars of Thomas Norton, and of State Proceedings in Matters of Religion in the Years 1581 and 1582’, Archaeologia, 36, 1855
Coughton Court and the Throckmortons, National Trust, Norwich, 1993
‘Diary of Joan Courthope 1886–1974', unpub., ed. Richard Rose
Cressy, David, Bonfires and Bells: national memory and the Protestant calendar in Elizabethan and Stuart England, 1989
Cressy, David, ‘The Fifth of November Remembered’, in Myths of the English, ed. Roy Porter, Oxford, 1992
Croft, Pauline, ‘The Reputation of Robert Cecil: libels, political opinion and popular awareness in the early seventeenth century’, Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 6th Series, I, 1990
Croft, Pauline, ‘Robert Cecil and the Early Jacobean Court’, in The Mental World of the Jacobean Court, ed. Linda Levy Peck, Cambridge, 1991
Cruickshank, Elizabeth’s Army, 2nd edn, Oxford, 1966
(C.S.P.) Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, in the reign of Elizabeth, 1601-1603, 1870
(C.S.P.) Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1603–1610, VIII, 1857
(C.S.P.) Calendar of State Papers, Spanish, IV, 1899
(C.S.P.) Calendar of State Papers, Venetian, X, 1900
Cuddy, Neil, ‘The Revival of the Entourage: the bedchamber of James I, 1603–1625’, in The English Court: from the Wars of the Roses to the Civil War, ed. David Starkey, 1987
Cuvelier, Joseph, ‘Les Préliminaires du traité de Londres (29 âout 1604)’, Revue Belge de Philologie et d’Histoire, 2, 1923, Bruxelles
David, Rev. Christopher, St Winefride’s Well: a history and guide. An illustrated description, reprint, 1993
Dekker, Thomas, The Double P P. A Papist in Armes. Bearing Ten severall Sheilds Encountred by the Protestant. At Ten severall Weapons. A Iesuite Marching before them, 1606
Dekker, Thomas, The Non-Dramatic Works, ed. A. B. Crosart, 4 Vols, 1884
Devlin, Christopher, Hamlet’s Divinity, 1963
Devlin, Christopher, The Life of Robert Southwell: poet and martyr, 1967
Dickens, A. G., ‘The First Stages of Romanist Recusancy in Yorkshire, 1560–1590', Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, 35, 1943
Dickens, A. G., ‘The Extent and Character of Recusancy in Yorkshire, 1604', Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, 37, 1945
(D.N.B.) Dictionary of National Biography Dodd, A. H., ‘The Spanish Treason, the Gunpowder Plot, and the Catholic Refugees’, English Historical Review, 53, 1938
Doleman, R., A Conference about the Next Succession to the Crowne of Ingland 1594, ed. D. M. Rogers, Menston, Yorks., 1972
Duffy, Eamon, The Stripping of the Altars: traditional religion in England c 1400–c. 1580, 1992
Dures, Alan, English Catholicism 1558–1642: community and change, 1983
Eastward Ho!, by Ben Jonson, George Chapman and John Marston, ed. C. G Peter, 1973
Edwards, Francis, S.J., Guy Fawkes: the real story of the Gunpowder Plot?, 1969
Edwards, Francis, S.J., ed., The Gunpowder Plot: the narrative of Oswald Tesimond alias Greenway, trans. from the Italian of the Stonyhurst Manuscript, edited and annotated, 1973
Edwards, Francis, S.J., The Jesuits in England: from 1580 to the present day, 1985
Edwards, Francis, S.J., ‘Still Investigating Gunpowder Plot’, Recusant History, 21, 1993
Elliott, J. H., Imperial Spain, 1469–1716, 1969
Elton, G. R., The Practice of History, Sydney, 1967
Fea, Allan, Secret Chambers and Hiding-Places, 3rd & revised edn, 1908
Finch, Mary E., The Wealth of Five Northamptonshire Families 1540–1640, Oxford, 1956
Fisher, H. A. L., Frederick William Maitland: a biographical sketch, Cambridge, 1910
Foley, Henry, S.J., Records of the English Province of the Society of Jesus, 7 Vols, 1 st Series, 1877–83
The Folklore of American Holidays, ed. Hennig Cohen and Tristram Potter Coffin, 2nd edn, Detroit, n.d.
Francis, Rev. P. H., The Origins and Developments of Fire Arms and Gunpowder, Bradford, 1961
William Gager’s Pyramis, ed. C. F. Tucker Brooke, Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 32, 1936, New Haven, Conn.
Gardiner, S. R., History of England, 1603–16o7, I, 1883
Gardiner, S. R., ‘Two Declarations of Garnet relating to the Gunpowder Plot’, English Historical Review, III, 1888
Gardiner, S. R., What Gunpowder Plot Was, 1897
[Garnet, Henry], ‘Treatise of Equivocation’, MS. Laud Msc. 655, Bodleian Library
Gearty, Conor, Terror, 1991
(G.E.C.) The Complete Peerage… Extant Extinct or Dormant, by G E. C, 6 Vols, reprint, Gloucester, 1982
Gerard, John, The Autobiography of an Elizabethan, trans. from the Latin by Philip Caraman, with an introduction by Graham Greene, 1951
Gerard, John, ‘Traditional History and the Spanish Treason of 1601-1603’, The Month, 87, 1896
Gerard, John, The Gunpowder Plot and the Gunpowder Plotters, in reply to Professor Gardiner, 1897
Gerard, John, S.J., What was the Gunpowder Plot? The traditional story tested by original evidence, 1897
Gibbon, Edward, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, ed. J. B. Bury, 7 Vols, 8th edn, 1923
Goodman, Dr Godfrey, The Court of King James the First, 2 Vols, 1839
Gotch, J. Alfred, A complete account of the buildings erected in Northamptonshire by Sir Thomas Tresham, 1883
Gotch, J. Alfred, Old Halls and Manor Houses of Northamptonshire, 1936
Grosvenor, Ian D., ‘Catholics and Politics: the Worcester election of 1604', Recusant History, 14, 1977–80
Habington, Thomas, A Survey of Worcestershire, Worcestershire Historical Society, ed. John Amphlet of Cleat, Vol. II, Pt I, Oxford, 1896
Haigh, Christopher, ed., The Reign of Elizabeth I, 1984
Haigh, Christopher, English Reformations, Oxford, 1993
Hale, John, The Civilization of Europe in the Renaissance, 1993
Hales, J. W., ‘Round about Stratford in 1605’, Notes and Essays, 1884
Hamilton, Dom. Adam, O.S.B., ed., The Chronicle of the English Augustinian Canonesses Regular of the Lateran, at St Monica’s in Louvain, 2 Vols, 1904–6
Handover, P. M., Arbella Stuart: royal lady of Hardw
ick and cousin to King James, 1957
Handover, P. M., The Second Cecil: the rise to power 1563–1604 of Sir Robert Cecil, later first Earl of Salisbury, 1959
Hanlon, Sr. Joseph Damian, ‘These Be But Women’, in From the Renaissance to the Counter Reformation: essays in honour of Garrett Mattingly, ed. C. H. Carter, 1966
Harrison, G. B., A Last Elizabethan Journal: being a record of those things most talked of during the years 1599–1603, 1933
Harrison, G. B., A Jacobean Journal: being a record of those things most talked of during the years 1603–1606, 1941
Hatfield MSS, Hatfield House, Herts
Haynes, Alan, Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, 1563–1612: servant of two sovereigns, 1989
Haynes, Alan, The Gunpowder Plot, Stroud, Glos., 1994
The Collected Works of William Hazlitt, ed. A. R. Walter and A. Glover, 11, 1904
Hicks, L., S.J., ‘Sir Robert Cecil, Father Persons and the Succession. 1600–1601’, Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu, 24, 1955
Hicks, L., S.J., ‘Father Robert Persons SJ. and The Book of Succession’, Recusant History, 4, 1957
Hicks, L., S.J., ‘The Embassy of Sir Anthony Standen in 1603’, Recusant History, 5, 1959
(H.M.C.) Historical Manuscripts Commission, Report on the Manuscripts of Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, 1900
(H.M.C.) Historical Manuscripts Commission, Calendar of the Manuscripts of the Most Honourable the Marquess of Salisbury, Vols XI–XVIII, 1906–40
Hogrefe, Pearl, Tudor Women: commoners and queens, Ames, Iowa, 1975
Holmes, P., ‘Elizabethan Casuistry’, Catholic Record Society, 67, 1981
Holmes, Peter, Resistance and Compromise: the political thought of Elizabethan Catholics, Cambridge, 1982
Gerard Manley Hopkins, ed. Catherine Phillips, Oxford, 1986
Hotson, Leslie, I, William Shakespeare, 1937
Humphreys, John, ‘The Wyntours of Huddington and the Gunpowder Plot’, Transactions of the Birmingham and Midlands Institute, 30, 1904
Humphreys, John, ‘The Habingtons of Hindlip and the Gunpowder Plot’, Transactions of the Birmingham and Midlands Institute, 31, 1905
Hurstfield, Joel, ‘Robert Cecil Earl of Salisbury: minister of Elizabeth and James I’, History Today, 7, 1957
Hurstfield, Joel, ‘The Succession Struggle in late Elizabethan England’, in Elizabethan Government and Society: Essays presented to Sir John Neale, ed. S. T. Bindoff, J. Hurstfield and C. H. Williams, 1961
Hurstfield, Joel, Freedom, Corruption and Government in Elizabethan England, 1973